INDIRECT QUESTIONS
Indirect questions in Latin take the subjunctive. You can think of an indirect question as a question without a question mark, or as a question embedded within a sentence. It’s the difference between “Where are you?” (direct question) and “I asked where you were” (indirect question). Spot an indirect question by a question word in the middle of a sentence, with a subjunctive nearby.
As in English, it can be any question word: “I asked where you were,” “I asked how you were,” “I asked why you were wearing that hat,” etc. For the moment, expect the present subjunctive when the main verb is in the present tense, and the imperfect subjunctive when the main verb is past. rogo ubi sis (“I ask where you are”); rogavi ubi esses (“I asked where you were”).